Whisk together the sugar, cinnamon, ginger, cardamom, cloves, allspice, and black pepper for the chai sugar in a small mixing bowl and set aside.
To a large mixing bowl, add the flour, baking soda, cinnamon, ginger, cloves, allspice, cardamom, black pepper, and salt, whisk until combined, and set aside.
Add the butter to the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment and mix on medium-high (6-8 on a stand mixer) for 3 to 4 minutes until light and creamy. Add both sugars and mix for an additional 3 to 5 minutes until light and fluffy.
Add the egg and vanilla and beat on medium until thoroughly combined.
Add the flour mixture to the bowl with the butter mixture and mix until no more streaks of dry flour are visible. Start on low speed (2-3) then gradually increase to high (7-9). Do not overmix the dough. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and chill the dough in the refrigerator for at least one hour up to overnight.
Preheat your oven to 350°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper or a silicone baking mat and set it aside.
Using a cookie scoop, scoop out 2 tablespoon-sized dough balls, roll them into neat balls with your palms, toss them in the chai sugar, and place them on the prepared baking sheet about 2 inches apart. Bake the cookies in batches on a middle oven rack for 8-10 minutes or until the edges just start to turn golden brown.
Allow the cookies to cool for 5 minutes on the baking sheet then transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely.