Place a rack in the center of your oven and preheat it to 400°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and set it aside.
In a medium mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, brown sugar, salt, cinnamon, nutmeg, and baking soda. Set the bowl aside. In a separate medium mixing bowl, mix the mashed sweet potato with ½ cup buttermilk, honey, and vanilla with a fork until well combined. Set the bowl aside.
Add the cubed butter to the flour, toss it to coat the butter in flour, and use your fingers to rub the butter into the flour until it resembles coarse crumbs. You may also use a pastry cutter to cut the butter into the flour. Some remaining larger chunks of butter are totally fine!
Make a well in the center of the flour mixture and scoop the sweet potato mixture into the well. Use a wooden spoon to mix the dough until all of the flour is moistened and the dough starts to clump together. Use your hands to continue mixing the dough, working it around the bowl to scrape up all the dry flour from the bottom. If the dough is very crumbly and will not hold together add 1 to 2 more tablespoons of buttermilk. The dough should not be sticky but should hold together.
Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and pat it into a rectangle. Fold the top third of the dough over itself, then the bottom third. Rotate the dough 90 degrees, pat it back out into a rectangle, and repeat the process two more times. This gives you those lovely flaky layers and is gentler than kneading the dough.
Gently pat the dough into a ½-inch thick disc and use a 2 ½ to 3-inch biscuit cutter to cut out 8 biscuits. Gently rework the scraps as needed, folding and patting them back into a disc, until you have 8 biscuits.
Place the biscuits closely together on the lined baking sheet and brush the tops with buttermilk. Bake the biscuits in the preheated oven for 18-23 minutes until golden brown. Allow the biscuits to cool slightly and enjoy!