Prepare the bread: Butter a 9x13-inch baking dish. Tear the French bread into 1-inch cubes and scatter evenly in the dish. Make sure bread is packed in but not overly compressed.
Mix the custard: In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the half and half, eggs, granulated sugar, brown sugar, vanilla, cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, cloves, and salt until smooth and fully combined.
Soak the bread: Pour the custard mixture evenly over the bread. Gently press the bread down with a spoon or clean hands to help it soak up the liquid. Cover the dish tightly with plastic wrap.
Chill the pudding: Refrigerate for at least 4 hours or overnight. This allows the bread to absorb the custard and develop flavor.
Bake the pudding: Preheat the oven to 350°F. Remove the dish from the refrigerator and let it come to room temperature while the oven preheats. Remove the plastic wrap, drizzle melted butter evenly over the top, and bake for 50 to 60 minutes, or until the center is set and the top is golden brown.
Make the praline sauce: In a medium saucepan over medium-high heat, combine the butter, brown sugar, maple syrup, and heavy cream. Stir constantly until the mixture begins to boil. Lower the heat to medium-low and simmer for 7 to 9 minutes, stirring frequently, until thickened.
Finish the sauce: Stir in the chopped pecans, vanilla extract, and salt. Simmer for another 1–2 minutes, then remove from heat.
Serve: Slice and serve the warm bread pudding with a generous spoonful of warm maple praline sauce over the top.